How can chronic kidney disease affect heart function?

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can significantly impact heart function primarily through fluid overload and hypertension. As kidney function declines, the body struggles to maintain a proper balance of fluids and electrolytes, leading to fluid retention. This excess fluid in the body can raise blood pressure, resulting in hypertension, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Additionally, hypertension forces the heart to work harder to pump blood, which can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy (thickening of the heart muscle). This condition can eventually result in heart failure and other cardiovascular complications. Fluid overload can also lead to issues such as pulmonary edema, which further complicates heart function. Therefore, the relationship between CKD, fluid overload, and hypertension underscores a critical pathway through which kidney issues can adversely affect heart health.