How can diabetes negatively affect cardiovascular health?

Diabetes can negatively impact cardiovascular health primarily by damaging blood vessels and nerves. High blood sugar levels associated with diabetes lead to a condition known as diabetic vascular disease, where the blood vessels become hardened and narrowed due to the accumulation of fatty substances, also known as atherosclerosis. This process can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of cardiovascular events such as heart attacks and strokes.

Furthermore, diabetes can also affect the nerves that control the heart and blood vessels, potentially leading to complications like autonomic neuropathy. This condition can disrupt heart rate regulation and blood pressure control, contributing to an increased risk of cardiovascular problems. The combined effects of vascular damage and nerve impairment create a significantly higher risk for individuals with diabetes, making them prone to a range of cardiovascular issues.

Other options do not accurately represent the impact of diabetes on cardiovascular health. For instance, increasing physical activity is often beneficial for cardiovascular health, while lowering cholesterol levels and improving blood flow are typically positive outcomes, not linked to the negative effects of diabetes.