What characterizes dyslipidemia?

Dyslipidemia is primarily characterized by an abnormal amount of lipids in the blood, which refers to changes in the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides. This condition can manifest as elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and abnormal triglyceride levels. These lipid imbalances increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, heart attack, and stroke.

The other options do not accurately define dyslipidemia. Abnormal blood pressure levels can indicate hypertension or other cardiovascular issues but are not specifically related to lipid levels. Excessive physical activity isn't a characteristic of dyslipidemia; in fact, regular physical activity is often recommended to help manage lipid levels. An increased heart rate, while related to cardiovascular health, is also not a direct measure of lipid levels and thus does not define dyslipidemia.