What does the term "stenosis" refer to in a medical context?

The term "stenosis" specifically refers to the abnormal narrowing of a passage within the body, commonly associated with blood vessels or valves. This narrowing can restrict blood flow and significantly affect organ function and overall health. For instance, in the cardiovascular system, aortic stenosis is a condition where the aorta's valve becomes narrowed, leading to decreased cardiac output and increased workload on the heart.

This definition clearly distinguishes stenosis from other conditions. Abnormal widening, inflammation, or complete blockage of a vessel are different pathological processes that would describe other conditions affecting vascular health. Understanding the specific nature of stenosis is crucial for diagnosing and managing related cardiovascular diseases.