What is the major effect of high cholesterol on cardiovascular health?

High cholesterol has a significant detrimental effect on cardiovascular health by leading to plaque buildup in the arteries. When there is an excessive amount of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in the bloodstream, it can accumulate on the arterial walls. Over time, this accumulation leads to the formation of plaques, which narrow the arteries and restrict blood flow. This condition, known as atherosclerosis, is a major contributor to cardiovascular diseases, including heart attacks and strokes.

The process begins with the damage to the inner wall of the arteries, which allows cholesterol to penetrate the artery wall. As more cholesterol and other substances build up, the plaque continues to grow, potentially rupturing and causing a blood clot that can block blood flow entirely. Therefore, high cholesterol directly contributes to a range of cardiovascular problems by promoting the development of atherosclerosis and the associated complications.