What is the role of systemic circulation?

The role of systemic circulation is primarily to transport oxygenated blood from the heart to the various tissues and organs throughout the body. Once the blood is oxygen-rich, it is pumped into the aorta and distributed via systemic arteries, delivering the essential oxygen and nutrients that cells need for metabolism and functioning. After the oxygen has been utilized by the tissues, the blood then returns to the heart deoxygenated through the venous system, completing the cycle.

Systemic circulation is critical for maintaining the body’s homeostasis and supporting cellular respiration. This system distinguishes itself from pulmonary circulation, which is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation. While regulation of blood pressure and the filtering of blood in the kidneys are important physiological processes, they are not the primary functions of systemic circulation itself.